The role of 14-3-3 proteins in gynecological tumors.

A large family of highly conserved cellular 14-3-3 proteins plays key roles in the regulation of central physiological pathways such as metabolism, protein trafficking, signal transduction, apoptosis and regulation of cell cycle. The involvement of these proteins in the regulation of various tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes points to their potential role in human cancer. According to some, the 14-3-3 proteins in gynecological tumors, promote gynecological tumors whereas others suggest that 14-3-3 proteins function as tumor suppressors in such tumors. Here, we review the use of 14-3-3 proteins as novel markers for screening and early diagnosis of gyncyological malignancies, and in monitoring the effectiveness of treatment. 14-3-3 proteins are proposed to be used as prognostic factors and as specific target in the treatment of cancers.